The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.
Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:
For graduates of higher military educational institutions, the period of stay in the rank of lieutenant is 2 years.
The military rank of a senior officer can be assigned to a military personnel after at least two years of military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position to be filled by senior officers.
The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.
The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.
The following is counted within the specified period:
a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;
b) the time of suspension of military service;
c) time spent in reserve.
When a serviceman is appointed to the highest military position at the same time, and if simultaneous registration is impossible - from the date of appointment to the highest military position, he is assigned the next military rank if his service period in the previous military rank has expired, provided that the state provides for a military rank for this military position a rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a military member.
A military rank may be awarded to an officer ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position he occupies, as well as one step higher than that provided for by the regular position held for special personal merits, if the period of military service was in the previous military rank expired, but not higher than the military rank of major (captain 3rd rank).
A serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution of higher professional education, as well as in postgraduate or military doctoral studies, the next military rank up to and including lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank regardless of the military position he held before entering the specified educational institution.
Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
a) senior officers - by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;
b) colonel, captain 1st rank - the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;
c) other military ranks - by officials determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.
The military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation assigns the military rank of private to citizens called up for military service.
Officials have the right to assign military ranks to military personnel under their direct subordination.
A superior official enjoys all the rights to assign military ranks granted to subordinate commanders (chiefs).
Assignment of the first military rank of officer, military rank of officer ahead of schedule, one step higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position held, as well as military rank to military personnel successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, up to colonel (captain 1st rank) inclusively is carried out by the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service.
Assignment of military ranks to warrant officers (midshipmen), sergeants (foremen) ahead of schedule, as well as assignment of regular military ranks one step higher than the military rank provided for the occupied full-time military position: warrant officers (midshipmen) - not higher than the military rank of senior warrant officer (senior midshipman), to sergeants (foremen) - not higher than the military rank of sergeant major (chief ship sergeant major), carried out by officials who have the right to assign these military ranks.
Let us remind you that citizens staying in the reserve of the RF Armed Forces can be assigned the next military ranks on the recommendation of the official in charge of military training, only after these citizens have completed military training and passed tests established by the RF Ministry of Defense, but no more than twice during their stay specified citizens in reserve.
A serviceman may be deprived of his military rank
only upon a court verdict for committing a grave or especially grave crime. After a criminal record has been removed or expunged, a citizen may be reinstated to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank.
A citizen’s application for reinstatement to military rank is considered by the military commissar no later than one month from the date of its receipt by the military commissariat.
If there are grounds for reinstating a citizen to his previous military rank, the military commissar draws up a proposal to reinstate the citizen to his military rank. In this case, the restoration of a citizen to a military rank can be carried out by order of an official who has the right to assign this military rank, in relation to the procedure for its assignment.
A serviceman undergoing military service upon conscription may be reduced in military rank, as well as restored to his previous military rank in the manner determined by the Disciplinary Charter of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Each serviceman is assigned a personal military rank. Military ranks provide clarity and clarity in the relationships and subordination of military personnel, that is, they provide relationships of power and subordination, and allow the serviceman to express his service record, merits and official position. The purpose of a military rank is also to, in the absence of relationships of subordination and seniority by position, resolve issues of subordination both in everyday and combat situations.

The subordination of military personnel by military rank serves as an important means of maintaining and strengthening military discipline, organization and order. Military ranks also have a significant impact on the conditions and procedure for serving by different categories of military personnel, and on the scope of their official and personal rights.

In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, issues related to the procedure and conditions for assigning and depriving military ranks are regulated by Art. 46 - 48 of the Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” and the Regulations on the Procedure for Military Service. The seniority of military ranks and compositions of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Art. 46 of the said Law (see table 2).

table 2

Compositions of military personnel	Military ranks
military	ship
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen	private corporal junior sergeant sergeant senior sergeant foreman	sailor senior sailor foreman 2 articles foreman 1 article chief foreman chief ship's foreman
Ensigns, midshipmen	warrant officer senior warrant officer	midshipman senior midshipman
Officers:
junior officers	junior lieutenant lieutenant senior lieutenant captain	junior lieutenant lieutenant senior lieutenant captain-lieutenant
senior officers	major lieutenant colonel colonel	captain 3rd rank captain 2nd rank captain 1st rank
senior officers	major general lieutenant general colonel general army general	rear admiral vice admiral admiral fleet admiral
Marshal of the Russian Federation

Military and naval military ranks corresponding to each other are considered equal. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel personally.

When assigning military ranks, the following conditions must be met.

Firstly, the occupation by a serviceman of a military position (position), for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.

Secondly, a prerequisite for the assignment of the next military rank is the service of the established period in the previous military rank. The next military rank is awarded ahead of schedule only for special personal merits. At the same time, the terms of military service in military ranks have been significantly reduced in comparison with previously established ones, which, due to a significant reduction in the military organization of the state, can lead to a disproportion in the composition of military personnel (quick achievement of the military rank corresponding to the primary military positions - captain, further waiting for a vacant position and , as a consequence, being in a military rank beyond the established deadlines).

The correspondence of the military rank to the position held is a legal-factual condition that creates the possibility of changing the military service relationship when assigning a military rank. Previously, length of service in a military rank was also a legal and factual condition.

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, the correspondence of the military rank to the position held continues to be a legal-factual condition, and length of service in the military rank began to play the role not of a condition, but of a legal fact with which the assignment of a military rank is associated, since, unlike the previously existing order, currently in the specified There are no intermediate links in the process (certification, decision making, etc.). Consequently, subject to the above circumstances, military personnel have the subjective right to be assigned military ranks.

The first military ranks are considered:

a) for “officers” - junior lieutenant, lieutenant;

b) for the composition “ensigns and midshipmen” - warrant officer, midshipman;

c) for the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” - private, sailor.

The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;

b) a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational institution of higher professional education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational institution - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational institution;

c) a citizen who has successfully completed the training program for reserve officers at a military department at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

d) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher professional education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;

e) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher professional education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

f) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher professional education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

g) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the SVR of Russia, the FSB of Russia, the FSO of Russia or the Special Objects Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program as part of educational group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary (complete) general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

b) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;

c) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

e) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the SVR of Russia, the FSB of Russia, the FSO of Russia or the Special Objects Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program in the composition educational group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:

a) a serviceman who has graduated from a military educational institution that trains military personnel in the military specialties of warrant officers (midshipmen), who has a secondary (complete) general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

b) a citizen (military officer) who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) ), - upon appointment to the appropriate military position;

c) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of ensign (midshipman), undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of Russia, the FSB of Russia, the Federal Security Service of Russia or the Special Objects Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the program training as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

The military rank of private is awarded to:

a) a citizen who does not have a military rank, called up for military service - upon departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;

b) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enlisted in the reserve - upon enlistment in the reserve;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank and entered military service under a contract - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit;

d) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution.

The military rank of a sailor is awarded to:

a) a serviceman called up for military service - when enlisted in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

b) a citizen who entered military service under a contract and does not have a military rank - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution, where the state provides for the military rank of sailor.

As noted above, the next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.

Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:

Private, sailor - five months;

Junior sergeant, sergeant major 2 articles - one year;

Sergeant, petty officer 1st article - two years;

Senior sergeant, chief petty officer - three years;

Ensign, midshipman - three years;

Junior lieutenant - two years;

Lieutenant - three years;

Senior lieutenant - three years;

Captain, lieutenant commander - four years;

Major, captain 3rd rank - four years;

Lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years.

The military rank of a senior officer can be assigned to a military personnel after at least two years of military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position (position) to be filled by senior officers.

The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.

The period of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.

The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.

The following is counted within the specified period:

a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;

b) the time of suspension of military service;

c) time spent in reserve.

A soldier who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, the next military rank up to and including lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the assigned military rank, regardless of military position (position) that he held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies.

A serviceman who has the military rank of officer, who, before entering a military educational institution, postgraduate course, or military doctorate, held a military position (position) for which the state provides for the military rank of colonel, captain 1st rank or senior officer, the next military rank up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusively assigned in accordance with the military position (position) held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies, upon expiration of the period of service in the assigned military rank.

A serviceman's next military rank may be awarded ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.

A soldier whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position (position) he occupies, but not higher than the military rank of major, captain of the 3rd rank.

The military rank of corporal (senior sailor) may be awarded as an incentive for special personal merit to a military personnel holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of private (sailor).

The military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) is assigned to a private (sailor) holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) and higher, after the expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, as well as to a military personnel has successfully completed training in a military training unit under the sergeant (sergeant major) training program.

While serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest, a serviceman cannot be assigned another military rank. The time spent serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest is not counted towards the period of military service in the assigned military rank.

Thus, the grounds for conferring a military rank are:

1) being recruited for military service by conscription or entering military service on a voluntary basis, as well as entering a military educational institution;

2) graduation from a military educational institution of vocational education;

3) expiration of the period of military service in the previous military rank, with the exception of the period of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and above;

4) a decision of an official, within the limits of his authority, to assign the next military rank ahead of schedule;

5) appointment of a serviceman to a higher military or other position for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman if his term of service in the previous military rank has expired. At the same time, the next military rank is assigned to a serviceman simultaneously with his appointment, and if simultaneous registration is not possible, from the date of appointment to this military position;

6) passing tests according to the established program by military personnel undergoing military service in military positions for which the state provides for the military ranks of junior sergeant (senior sergeant, article 2) and higher;

7) re-certification upon entry into military service of a citizen who is or has served in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation or in other law enforcement agencies and has a special rank. In this case, the specified citizen may be awarded a military rank equal to his special rank.

Reduction in military rank as a disciplinary measure, it is provided only for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen, as well as for persons called up for military training as soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen (Clause 3, Article 28.4 of the Federal Law “On the Status of Military Personnel”, Art. 55 DU RF Armed Forces). The basis for imposing the specified disciplinary sanction is the commission of a disciplinary offense by the military personnel. The penalty is announced by order of the commander or superior having the appropriate disciplinary authority. Sergeants and sergeants are reduced in military rank by one step. They can also be reduced in military rank and transferred to a lower position. The moment of change in the military service relationship is the issuance of an order to impose a penalty.

A military serviceman, as well as a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, may be deprived of military rank only by a court verdict for committing a grave or especially grave crime (Article 48 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The court that passed a sentence to deprive a convicted person of his military rank, after it enters into force, sends a copy of the sentence to the official who assigned the military rank, who is obliged to make a record of the deprivation of the rank in the relevant documents (Article 61 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation). Deprivation of a military rank entails the mandatory dismissal of a serviceman from military service, which indicates that the person deprived of it ceases to be a subject of military-service relations, since military rank is their mandatory element.

A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

Test questions and assignments:

1. Explain the purpose of military ranks assigned to military personnel.

2. Explain the procedure for assigning a first military rank to a serviceman.

3. Describe the conditions for assigning the next military rank to a serviceman.

4. Tell us about the procedure and grounds for reducing military personnel in military ranks and depriving them of military ranks.

Good afternoon.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 53-FZ,

Article 46. Composition of military personnel and military ranks
1. In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies, the following composition of military personnel and military ranks are established:
Officers:
junior officers
lieutenant
4. To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.
Article 47. Assignment of military ranks
1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by officials in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for military service.

In accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1237,

Article 21. Procedure for assigning the first military rank
2. The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:
b) a citizen who has successfully completed the training program for reserve officers at a military department at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

Article 22. Procedure for assigning the next military rank
1. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.
2. Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:
lieutenant - three years;
4. The term of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.
5. The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank.
6. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.
The following is counted within the specified period:
c) time spent in reserve.

Article 24. Duration of tenure in military ranks, the rights of officials to assign military ranks and the procedure for assigning military ranks to citizens in reserve
1. Citizens in the reserves may be awarded the first and subsequent military ranks, but not higher than the military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.
2. A citizen who is in the reserve may be assigned a military rank if the specified citizen is assigned or may be assigned to a military unit (intended or may be assigned to a special formation) for conscription for military service upon mobilization to a position for which the wartime staff a military rank is provided that is equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a citizen who is in the reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, after the expiration of the established period of stay in the previous military rank. In this case, a citizen who is in the reserve can be assigned a military rank after he has completed military training and passed the relevant tests or in the certification procedure.
3. Time limits are established for being in the reserve in the following military ranks:
g) lieutenant - three years;

Thus, if all of the above conditions and requirements for the assignment of military ranks exist in your case, then you must appeal the illegal inaction of the military commissariat. This should be done in accordance with Articles 254-256 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, taking into account the general provisions of Articles 131-132, 23-24, 55-56 of the same Code and the provisions of Article 333.19 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Article 20. Military ranks

1. Article 46 of the Federal Law establishes the following composition of military personnel and military ranks:

───────────────────────┬───────────────── ───────── ──────────────── Compositions of military personnel│ Military ranks ├─────────────────── ─┬─────── ────────────── │ military │ naval ────────────────────── ─┴──────── Soldiers, sailors, ordinary sailor, sergeants, foremen ator senior sailor junior sergeant foreman 2 articles sergeant petty officer 1 articles senior sergeant chief petty officer chief ship's petty officer Warrant officers and midshipmen Warrant officer Midshipman senior warrant officer Senior midshipman Officers: junior officers junior lieutenant junior lieutenant lieutenant lieutenant senior lieutenant senior lieutenant captain captain-lieutenant senior officers major captain 3rd rank lieutenant colonel captain 2nd rank Colonel Captain 1st Rank senior officers Major General Rear Admiral Lieutenant General Vice Admiral Colonel General Admiral General of the Army Admiral of the Fleet Marshal of the Russian Federation ───────────────────────────────────────── ───

2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 10, 2009 N 30)
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.
3. The seniority of military ranks and composition of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Article 46 of the Federal Law: from the military rank of “private” (“sailor”) to a higher one and from the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” to a higher one.
Military and naval military ranks corresponding to each other are considered equal.
4. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel personally.
Military rank can be first or second.
5. The form and content of submissions, forms of other documents and orders for the assignment of military ranks, as well as the procedure for their execution and submission (with the exception of senior officers) are established by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.

Article 21. Procedure for assigning the first military rank

1. The first military ranks are considered:
a) for “officers” - junior lieutenant, lieutenant;
b) for the composition “ensigns and midshipmen” - warrant officer, midshipman;
c) for the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” - private, sailor.
2. The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:
a) a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;
(clause “a” as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)
a.1) a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational institution of higher professional education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational institution - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational institution;
(clause “a.1” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 24, 2008 N 395)
b) a citizen who has successfully completed the training program for reserve officers at a military department at a state, municipal or non-state educational institution of higher professional education that has state accreditation in the relevant areas of training (specialties), - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;
c) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher professional education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;
d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a higher professional education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
e) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher professional education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
f) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
(clause “e” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)
3. The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:
a) a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary (complete) general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;
b) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;
c) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
d) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
e) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
(paragraph “d” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)
4. The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:
a) a serviceman who has graduated from a military educational institution that trains military personnel in the military specialties of warrant officers (midshipmen), who has a secondary (complete) general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;
b) a citizen (military officer) who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) ), - upon appointment to the appropriate military position;
c) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is serving under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Facilities Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
(clause “d” was introduced by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 10, 2000 N 653, as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 5, 2009 N 743)
5. The military rank of private is assigned to:
a) a citizen who does not have a military rank, called up for military service - upon departure from the military commissariat of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to the place of military service;
b) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enlisted in the reserve - upon enlistment in the reserve;
c) a citizen who does not have a military rank and entered military service under a contract - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit;
d) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution.
6. The military rank of a sailor is assigned to:
a) a serviceman called up for military service - when enlisted in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;
b) a citizen who entered military service under a contract and does not have a military rank - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;
c) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution, where the state provides for the military rank of sailor.
7. Upon entering military service, a citizen who is or has served in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, other law enforcement agencies or in the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Disaster Relief and has a special rank, he may be assigned a military rank equal to his special rank in the re-certification procedure determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.
(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 17, 2003 N 444)

Article 22. Procedure for assigning the next military rank

1. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.
2. Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:
private, sailor - five months;
junior sergeant, sergeant major 2 articles - one year;
sergeant, foreman 1st article - two years;
senior sergeant, chief petty officer - three years;
ensign, midshipman - three years;
junior lieutenant - two years;
lieutenant - three years;
senior lieutenant - three years;
captain, captain-lieutenant - four years;
major, captain 3rd rank - four years;
lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years.
(clause 2 as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)
3. The military rank of a senior officer may be assigned to a military serviceman after at least two years of his military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position (position) to be filled by senior officers.
The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.
4. The term of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.
(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 19, 2007 N 364)
5. The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank.
6. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.
The following is counted within the specified period:
a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;
b) the time of suspension of military service;
c) time spent in reserve.
7. When a serviceman is appointed to the highest military position (position), at the same time, and if simultaneous registration is impossible, from the date of appointment to the highest military position (position), he is assigned the next military rank if his term of service in the previous military rank has expired, provided that that for this military position (position) the state provides a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the military member.
In this case, the military rank of a senior officer is assigned taking into account the requirements of paragraph 3 of this article.
8. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, the next military rank up to lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank inclusive, is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the assigned military rank, regardless of military position (position) that he held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies.
9. A serviceman who has the military rank of officer, who, before entering a military educational institution, postgraduate course, or military doctoral program, held a military position (position) for which the state provides for the military rank of colonel, captain 1st rank or senior officer, the next military rank up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive is assigned in accordance with the military position (position) held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program after the expiration of the length of service in the assigned military rank.
10. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.
11. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position (position) he occupies, but not higher than the military rank of major, captain 3 rank.
12. The military rank of corporal (senior sailor) may be awarded as an incentive for special personal merit to a military personnel holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of private (sailor).
13. The military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) is assigned to a private (sailor) holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) and above, upon expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, as well as a serviceman who has successfully completed training in a military training unit under the sergeant (sergeant major) training program.
14. While serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest, a military serviceman cannot be awarded another military rank.
15. The time spent serving a sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest is not counted towards the period of military service in the assigned military rank.

Article 23. Rights of officials in conferring military ranks

1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:
a) senior officers - by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;
b) colonel, captain 1st rank - the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service;
c) other military ranks - by officials determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.
The military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation assigns the military rank of private to citizens called up for military service.
The powers of officials of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation to confer military ranks, with the exception of military ranks of senior officers, are established by the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.
2. Officials have the right to assign military ranks to military personnel under their direct subordination.
A superior official enjoys all the rights to assign military ranks granted to subordinate commanders (chiefs).
3. Assignment of the first military rank of officer, military rank of officer ahead of schedule, one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position held, as well as military rank to military personnel successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate study, military doctoral studies, up to and including colonel (captain 1st rank) is carried out by the head of the federal executive body that provides for military service.
4. Assignment of military ranks to warrant officers (midshipmen), sergeants (foreign officers) ahead of schedule, as well as assignment of regular military ranks one step higher than the military rank provided for the occupied full-time military position: warrant officers (midshipmen) - not higher than the military rank of senior warrant officer (senior warrant officer) ), sergeants (foremen) - not higher than the military rank of sergeant major (chief ship sergeant major), - is carried out by officials who have the right to assign these military ranks.

Article 24. Duration of tenure in military ranks, the rights of officials to assign military ranks and the procedure for assigning military ranks to citizens in reserve

(as amended by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated January 10, 2009 N 30)

1. Citizens in the reserves may be awarded the first and subsequent military ranks, but not higher than the military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.
2. A citizen who is in the reserve may be assigned a military rank if the specified citizen is assigned or may be assigned to a military unit (intended or may be assigned to a special formation) for conscription for military service upon mobilization to a position for which the wartime staff a military rank is provided that is equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a citizen who is in the reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, after the expiration of the established period of stay in the previous military rank. In this case, a citizen who is in the reserve can be assigned a military rank after he has completed military training and passed the relevant tests or in the certification procedure.
3. Time limits are established for being in the reserve in the following military ranks:
a) private or sailor - five months;
b) junior sergeant or sergeant major 2 articles - one year;
c) sergeant or sergeant major 1st article - two years;
d) senior sergeant or chief sergeant - three years;
e) warrant officer or midshipman - three years;
f) junior lieutenant - two years;
g) lieutenant - three years;
h) senior lieutenant - three years;
i) captain or captain-lieutenant - four years;
j) major or captain 3rd rank - five years;
k) lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank - six years.
4. By decision of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, Director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation), a citizen who is in the reserve, with high professional training and extensive experience in a specialty applicable in military service, who has the military rank of officer, the period of stay in a military rank may be shortened.
5. A citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration, the first military rank of an officer may be assigned by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the certification procedure:
a) having a higher professional education - lieutenant;
b) having secondary vocational education - junior lieutenant.
6. The next military rank of a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation may be assigned to:
a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:
up to and including the chief petty officer or the chief petty officer - a military commissar;
up to senior warrant officer or senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;
b) officer:
The paragraph became invalid on November 29, 2009. - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 29, 2009 N 1363;
up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
7. The next military rank can be assigned to a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:
a) up to and including senior lieutenant - with positive certification;
b) from captain or captain-lieutenant to colonel or captain of the 1st rank inclusive - when he undergoes military training in a position corresponding to the next military rank, and passes the corresponding tests or in the certification procedure if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration (military service in the corresponding officer positions).
8. The procedure for conducting certification for assigning military ranks to citizens in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.
9. A citizen deprived of a military rank is assigned the military rank of private by the military commissar, simultaneously with registration for military service.
10. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned regular military ranks in the certification procedure, taking into account the possibility of their further use in military positions.
The rights of officials to assign military ranks, the procedure for assigning military ranks and conducting certification of these citizens are determined respectively by the director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

Article 25. Procedure for reinstatement in military rank

Paragraph 1 of Article 25, in its constitutional and legal meaning in the system of current legal regulation, cannot be an obstacle to the restoration to their previous military rank of persons deprived of their military rank extrajudicially (Determination of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated April 2, 2009 N 483-O-P).

1. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank, at the request of the citizen, in the presence of a positive review from the internal affairs body of the Russian Federation and a decision of the commission of the military commissariat.
2. A citizen’s application for reinstatement in military rank is considered by the military commissar no later than one month from the date of its receipt by the military commissariat.
If there are grounds for reinstating a citizen to his previous military rank, the military commissar draws up a proposal to reinstate the citizen to his military rank.
In this case, the restoration of a citizen to a military rank can be carried out by order of an official who has the right to assign this military rank, in relation to the procedure for its assignment.
3. A citizen deprived of his military rank due to an illegal conviction is restored to his previous military rank after the decision on his rehabilitation comes into force from the day of his deprivation of his military rank.
A citizen whose military rank has been restored enjoys the rights and benefits established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in accordance with the restored military rank.

There are two types of ranks in the armed forces of the Russian Federation - military and naval.
Rank and file

Private- the lowest military rank in the army of Russia and most other countries, higher in rank only than recruit or cadet (except for officer courses). In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the rank was introduced in 1946 (before that - fighter, Red Army soldier).


Students are called "cadets". During the training period, they are awarded the military rank of enlisted personnel, and in case of successful completion of a military educational institution, they are immediately awarded the officer rank of lieutenant.

Corporal- a military rank assigned to the eldest and best soldiers, who replace them during the absence of squad commanders.

In the armed forces of the USSR (and then Russia), corporal is a military rank with a status higher than private and lower than junior sergeant.
Awarded for exemplary performance of official duties and exemplary military discipline. Indicated by one stripe on the shoulder straps.

The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.

In the Navy, he corresponds to the rank of senior sailor (photo on the right).

Lance Sergeant- a military rank in the army of Russia and some other countries, in rank below sergeant and above corporal. The regular position is the commander of a squad, tank, or combat vehicle. Also, in exceptional cases, the rank of “junior sergeant” can be awarded upon transfer to the reserve to the most distinguished conscript military personnel who have the rank of “corporal”, but are not in a regular position requiring the rank of sergeant.

Sergeant- a military rank of junior command in the armies of many countries.

In the Soviet army and the Russian Armed Forces and other law enforcement agencies, the military (special) rank of sergeant was introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense dated November 2, 1940. Assigned to: cadets who have completed training in educational units under the sergeant training program with “excellent” marks; junior sergeants worthy of being awarded the next military rank and appointed to positions for which the states provide for the rank of sergeant or upon transfer to the reserve. The regular position is the commander of a squad, tank, or combat vehicle.

Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.

Staff Sergeant- a military rank in the army of Russia and a number of other countries, in rank above sergeant and below sergeant major.
Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively. The regular position is deputy platoon commander.

Sergeant Major- military rank of sergeant (senior officer). In the armed forces of the USSR, it was introduced by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated September 22, 1935. According to the current regulations, it is awarded to the best senior sergeants who have served in sergeant positions for at least 6 months and appointed to positions for which the states provide for the rank of sergeant major, as well as positively certified senior sergeants with transferring them to the reserve. In the Navy, the rank of chief sergeant corresponds to the rank of chief naval sergeant (until 1971, in the USSR Navy, the rank of chief sergeant corresponded to the rank of midshipman).
An official in a company (battery). He is the direct superior of the soldiers and sergeants of his unit; is responsible for the correct performance of their service, military discipline, internal order, and the safety of weapons and other property. Subordinate to the company commander and, in the absence of officers, performs his duties. Persons with the rank of warrant officers (midshipmen) and long-term military servicemen in the ranks of sergeants are appointed to the position of company (battery) foreman. In the Navy, the rank of foreman corresponds to the rank of chief naval foreman (photo on the right).

Ensign- military rank (rank) in the armies of a number of countries. In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the ranks of ensign and midshipman were introduced on January 1, 1972. Ensigns and midshipmen represent a separate category of military personnel. In terms of their official position, duties and rights, they occupy a place close to junior officers, are their closest assistants and superiors for soldiers (sailors) and sergeants (foremen) of the same unit. Since 1981, the rank of senior warrant officer was also introduced.

Military rank is an integral part of any army, and this also applies to the Russian Armed Forces. The introduction of a system of military ranks made it possible to draw a clear boundary between soldiers, officers and senior command personnel, which makes it possible to maintain interpersonal subordination and order in the Russian army. This is important not only in peacetime, but especially during hostilities.

History of the origin of military ranks

For the first time, military ranks and positions appeared in the Russian kingdom in the 16th-17th centuries. The system of army unity of command affected only the Streltsy army. The rest of the army retained the ranks of the state, that is, civil, service, until the moment of reorganization into regiments of the new system.

In the Streltsy regiment there was a system of military ranks, which varied depending on the number of subordinates (foreman, pentecostal, centurion, and so on).

Later, in the regiments of the new system, the ranks underwent major changes and began to be named in the Western European manner (starting from ensign and lieutenant, ending with lieutenant general and general).

This system is very similar to the current design of military ranks in Russia.

In 1722, the range of military ranks expanded greatly, causing a division between the rank and position of an officer.

This order remained in place until 1917. It underwent significant changes after the communists came to power, and ranks were replaced by Soviet officer positions in the Soviet Union.

On September 22, 1935, by decree of the Central Executive Committee, military ranks were introduced. To avoid associations with the White Army, some ranks were changed (for example, the general was changed to a division commander, brigade commander). Later, in 1940, the ranks of general and admiral were returned, and already in 1972 the ranks of “warrant officer” and “midshipman” were introduced.

The system of military ranks that operates at the present time is a legacy of the multifaceted history of Russia, and in particular of the Soviet Union.

Subordination in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation

The life of the army largely depends on the existing relationships within the team. A team that is mired in conflicts cannot carry out appropriate combat training activities. Whereas a company, where friendship and mutual support reigns, copes with this very well. The commander of a military group must always remember this.

However, this is a double-edged sword: military personnel are obliged to do what their superiors order (if this does not contradict the military regulations and current legislation). Few people want to experience the hardships of service. And this is exactly what military service obliges a soldier to do.

For this purpose, military service regulations have been introduced in the armed units, which the soldier, upon entering service and taking the oath, undertakes to fulfill. The Charter of the Internal Service of the RF Armed Forces regulates the relationship between soldiers and officers: unity of command and subordination, tactfulness and restraint, mutual respect, collectivism, which are the basic principles of this document.

The disciplinary charter of the RF Armed Forces determines the main essence of the discipline of a serviceman, his rights and responsibilities, types of rewards and disciplinary sanctions, the rights and responsibilities of the commander regarding their use, regulations for filing complaints, applications and proposals.

The statutory rules of relations between military personnel entering the guard, garrison and commandant service are regulated by the relevant charters of the Armed Forces, which exist to control compliance with this type of military service. The drill rules and order of military salutes are determined by the Drill Regulations.

Compliance with statutory relationships lies with each soldier in particular and the team as a whole. In particular, the commanding part of the garrison should monitor this. Therefore, the officer is vested with special powers to control the discipline and order of service of his subordinates.

Responsibility for violation of statutory relationships

Depending on the nature and severity of the offense, a serviceman may incur disciplinary, administrative, civil or even criminal liability (Article 28 of the Federal Law “On the Status of Military Personnel”).

For violation of discipline or public order, the military will be punished in accordance with the Disciplinary Regulations. The acting commander can make both a remark and a reminder and carry out disciplinary action. It depends on the degree of guilt and the severity of the offense committed. Also, the boss may see signs of a crime in the actions of a subordinate, which he will have to report, which, in turn, will conduct an investigation.

The statutory relations between soldiers are protected by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and current legislation. The threat of criminal punishment occurs if a serviceman:

• exceeded official authority;
• did not comply with the order;
• resisted the commander or forced him to violate his military duties;
• insulted or caused bodily harm to another serviceman.

A complex form - psychological impact and educational work, will be able to strengthen the morale of soldiers and warn them against violating the statutory rules of relationships.

The meaning of military rank in the Armed Forces

Military ranks cannot be viewed only from the angle of the fact of rewarding a serviceman. They are issued to the most prepared, disciplined and responsible of those serving, since it is they who are entrusted with the responsibility of commanding personnel.

Rank is an important component of the Armed Forces. But it is worth remembering that the decisive factor in the dominance between a subordinate and a boss is the position held by the latter.

A rank can be understood as a kind of service skill, according to which a soldier or officer is awarded certain powers and privileges. Military rank is awarded exclusively for services to the Fatherland, which makes it possible to divide the army into decent military personnel and not so good ones.

At the moment, there are two types of ranks in the army of the Russian Federation:

• combined arms;
• ship

The first are assigned to persons serving in the infantry and air force. The latter refer to the military who serve in the Russian Navy. A mandatory attribute of rank is the type of armed forces in which a person is located. For example, a serving colonel in a guards unit is given the addition of “guard” to the rank, that is, “guard colonel.” For people who are assigned to legal or medical units, the concept of “justice” or “medical services” is added to the rank, respectively.

When a service member retires or is discharged, he retains his rank, but the accompanying designation is “retired” (retired captain or retired colonel).

The procedure for assigning military ranks

To receive the next rank, you must voluntarily enroll in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, join the draft, or graduate from a special higher educational institution.

Duration of service also plays an important role in assigning military ranks to military personnel. After serving a certain period of time, a serviceman receives another rank. Within the framework of his powers, an official can also assign a title if he considers it necessary.

Persons liable for military service, for whom sergeant and senior ranks are provided, are issued based on the results of successful completion of service training.

The assignment of military ranks by presidential decree is also possible, but for this the officer must be introduced by his current superior, reporting on this.

Obtaining the next military ranks

For enlisted military personnel, in order to receive the next rank, they will need to serve for a certain period of time.

• senior soldier or sailor - 5 months;
• junior sergeant - 1 year;
• sergeant - 2 years;
• and ensign - 3 years.

During this period, the soldier's service must take place without disciplinary action, and the rank will be awarded only after passing the test according to the service program.

The next rank assigned to officers also depends on the period of service. The time frame for assigning military ranks to officers is calculated in years. The higher the position and rank, the longer it will take to get a new one:

• for a “junior lieutenant” this period is two years;
• assignment of the military rank of “lieutenant” and “senior lieutenant” occurs after three years of service;
• it will take four years to obtain “captain” (“lieutenant captain”) and “major” (“captain 3rd rank”);
• "lieutenant colonel" or "captain 2nd rank" can only be obtained after five years of service.

Who is not awarded regular military ranks?

Military officers do not have stars on their uniforms if they:

• were brought as a defendant in a criminal case or it was initiated against them (before the end of the proceedings);
• are at the disposal of the chief (commander);
• committed a disciplinary offense (before applying penalties);
• presented for early dismissal under Art. 51 Federal;
• are checked for the accuracy and completeness of information on income and expenses, property and property liabilities;
• suspended military service;
• are in prison and serving a criminal sentence;
• the criminal record was not expunged.

Assignment of an extraordinary military rank

In addition to the refusal to receive the next military rank, as part of the award, soldiers or officers may be assigned to an extraordinary rank.

It is possible to receive the coveted stars for shoulder straps ahead of schedule only by decision of the leadership in whose department the serviceman is serving. This happens very rarely, because the dominant person performs such actions only at his own discretion.

If an officer or soldier participated in special operations, proved himself in an emergency situation, or his subordinates showed excellent results in educational and combat training, then as an incentive the current commander can assign him an extraordinary military rank.

Deprivation of rank

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation have a system of rewarding and punishing their subordinates. A serviceman can not only be deprived of his next rank, but also demoted from an existing one.

This occurs in grave and especially grave misconduct on the part of the military man, for which only a court can accuse him. After a guilty verdict, a military man may be demoted in rank and deprived of existing social benefits and privileges.

After expunging a criminal record, you can restore your rank and position by submitting an appropriate application to the military registration and enlistment office. However, there is no guarantee that the Armed Forces will accept a former service member back into the same position and rank.

If an officer or soldier was convicted unfairly, then after rehabilitation he will be automatically restored to his position and rank.

Military rank is an integral attribute of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the history of which can be traced back to the beginning of the 16th century. The assignment of a military rank can be either regular (after a certain period of service) or extraordinary (for special services to the Fatherland and quality of service).

During their service, military personnel must observe strict subordination, violation of which may result in liability, even criminal liability, depending on the severity of the offense committed. After a conviction, a serviceman may be demoted in rank and deprived of his position, which is quite difficult to restore. A responsible attitude to military duties is the key to a healthy army.